Division X was a short-lived, top secret CIA department created in 1962 to recruit mutants. It was run by The Man in Black, and was primarily stationed at the Covert CIA Research Base. It also formed the nucleus of the original X-Men.
History
X-Men: First Class
In 1962, Charles Xavier and Erik Lehnsherr recruited mutants found through Charles' use of Cerebro to help take down Sebastian Shaw. Ultimately, in addition to already having Raven Darkholme and Hank McCoy, they were able to recruit Angel Salvadore, Armando Muñoz, Alex Summers, and Sean Cassidy. Logan was also considered as a potential recruit, but turned Xavier and Lehnsherr down.
Once gathered, Division X was stationed at the Covert CIA Research Base. They remained there until the Hellfire Club destroyed the facility and killed all the agents stationed there. They also recruited Angel to their cause and killed Darwin.
After these events, Division X was officially disbanded, although the remaining members regrouped and formed their own team, known as the "X-Men", under the leadership of Charles Xavier. Xavier then allowed them to live at the X-Mansion and also used the estate to help them hone their abilities.